[436][437] The Broadcasting Act declares "the system should serve to safeguard, enrich and strengthen the cultural, political, social and economic fabric of Canada". Zellers canada locations 2023. Chris Bolin/The Globe and Mail. [429] Since the 1980s, Canada's ethnic and cultural diversity has been openly reflected in its literature. WebLearn about Canadas response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority in Statistics Canada calculations. [192], Each of the 338 members of Parliament in the House of Commons is elected by simple plurality in an electoral district or riding. [221], Canada was a founding member of the United Nations and has membership in the World Trade Organization, the G20 and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). .ca. Due to changes in testing policies across Canada, case counts shown may be lower than actual numbers. [426] The earliest Canadian narratives were of travel and exploration. [303] New immigrants settle mostly in major urban areas in the country, such as Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. [136] In non-coastal regions, snow can cover the ground for almost six months of the year, while in parts of the north snow can persist year-round. Moving between provinces. [261] Canada's exports totalled over $637billion, while its imported goods were worth over $631billion, of which approximately $391billion originated from the United States. The delay underscored Canada's independence. [471] Great achievements in Canadian sports are recognized by Canada's Sports Hall of Fame,[472] while the Lou Marsh Trophy is awarded annually to Canada's top athlete by a panel of journalists. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the etymological origins of Canada, the name is now accepted as coming from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word kanata, meaning "village" or "settlement". [343], The mandatory education age ranges between 57 to 1618 years,[344] contributing to an adult literacy rate of 99 percent. [10] Cartier later used the word Canada to refer not only to that particular village but to the entire area subject to Donnacona (the chief at Stadacona);[10] by 1545, European books and maps had begun referring to this small region along the Saint Lawrence River as Canada. Citizens have the right, where there is sufficient demand, to receive federal government services in either English or French and official-language minorities are guaranteed their own schools in all provinces and territories. [88], The Great Depression in Canada during the early 1930s saw an economic downturn, leading to hardship across the country. A booster dose can help strengthen our protection against severe forms of COVID-19 Report a problem or mistake on this page. [23] The characteristics of Indigenous societies included permanent settlements, agriculture, complex societal hierarchies, and trading networks. [130], Canada can be divided into seven physiographic regions: the Canadian Shield, the interior plains, the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Appalachian region, the Western Cordillera, Hudson Bay Lowlands and the Arctic Archipelago. 4,524,782. On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s C (70s F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from 25 to 30C (77 to 86F), with temperatures in some interior locations occasionally exceeding 40C (104F). Canada also has a sizeable manufacturing sector centred in southern Ontario and Quebec, with automobiles and aeronautics representing particularly important industries. [224] Canada seeks to expand its ties to Pacific Rim economies through membership in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC). [264], Canada's economic integration with the United States has increased significantly since World War II. WebInternet TLD. [149], Approximately 12.1 percent of the nation's landmass and freshwater are conservation areas, including 11.4 percent designated as protected areas. [212] These rights may include provision of services, such as health care through the Indian Health Transfer Policy, and exemption from taxation. WebCanada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching [175][176] Far-right and far-left politics have never been a prominent force in Canadian society. [260], In 2021, Canadian trade in goods and services reached $2.016trillion. In addition, Canada is the single largest foreign supplier of energy to the United States. Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays). [38] A period of redress is underway, which started with the appointment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada by the Government of Canada in 2008. [395][396][397] Canada has placed emphasis on equality and inclusiveness for all its people. [100][101][102] Canada had established complete sovereignty as an independent country, although the monarch is retained as sovereign. [470] Other sports such as volleyball, skiing, cycling, swimming, badminton, tennis, bowling and the study of martial arts are all widely enjoyed at the youth and amateur levels. COVID-19 vaccines have helped protect us. After a tumultuous first two seasons on the job, Matt Canada will return as the Pittsburgh Steelers' offensive coordinator in 2023, according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. [216] Canada's foreign policy based on international peacekeeping and security is carried out through coalitions and international organizations, and through the work of numerous federal institutions. [373], Additionally, Canada is home to many sign languages, some of which are Indigenous. [116] Canada sent troops to Afghanistan in 2001 but declined to join the United Statesled invasion of Iraq in 2003. [56] To avert conflict in Quebec, the British Parliament passed the Quebec Act 1774, expanding Quebec's territory to the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley. WebLearn about Canadas response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. [413] Canadian humour is an integral part of the Canadian identity and is reflected in its folklore, literature, music, art, and media. The earliest work of patriotic music in Canada, "The Bold Canadian", was written in 1812. [86] The Conscription Crisis of 1917 erupted when the Unionist Cabinet's proposal to augment the military's dwindling number of active members with conscription was met with vehement objections from French-speaking Quebecers. WebCanada has ten provinces and three territories that are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Constitution.In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North AmericaNew Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada (which upon Confederation was divided into Ontario and Quebec)united to [200], The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law of the country and consists of written text and unwritten conventions. To register, contact media@hrsdc-rhdcc.gc.ca with your name and media outlet before 10:00 a.m. EST on Thursday, January 19, 2023.Please indicate if attendance will be in-person or virtual. [389][390] Rates of religious adherence are steadily decreasing. Canada is bordered by non-contiguous US state of Alaska in the northwest and by 12 other US states in the south. The same poster in English, with subtle differences in text. Quebec. From north to south it spans more than half the Northern Hemisphere. [265] The Automotive Products Trade Agreement of 1965 opened Canada's borders to trade in the automobile manufacturing industry. [205] The governor general appoints its nine members on the advice of the prime minister and minister of justice. [226][227] Canada nevertheless has an independent foreign policy. [272] Canada is additionally one of the world's largest suppliers of agricultural products; the Canadian Prairies are one of the most important global producers of wheat, canola, and other grains. Canada. [199] The bank does not issue Canadian coins; they are issued by the Royal Canadian Mint. [150] Approximately 13.8 percent of its territorial waters are conserved, including 8.9 percent designated as protected areas. In turn, these may be grouped into four main regions: Western Canada, Central Canada, Atlantic Canada, and Northern Canada (Eastern Canada refers to Central Canada and Atlantic Canada together). [146] The boreal forest of Canada is considered to be the largest intact forest on Earth, with approximately 3,000,000km2 (1,200,000sqmi) undisturbed by roads, cities or industry. [442] In addition to the CBC, some provincial governments offer their own public educational TV broadcast services as well, such as TVOntario and Tl-Qubec. [204], Canada's judiciary plays an important role in interpreting laws and has the power to strike down Acts of Parliament that violate the constitution. Banff National Park. See the State Departments travel website for the Worldwide Caution and Travel Advisories. ", "The Crown and the Constitution: Sustaining Democracy? [440], Canadian mass media, both print and digital and in both official languages, is largely dominated by a "handful of corporations". 49,871. [59] The Proclamation and the Quebec Act in turn angered many residents of the Thirteen Colonies, further fuelling anti-British sentiment in the years prior to the American Revolution. [216] Canada is also a member of various other international and regional organizations and forums for economic and cultural affairs. [211] Various treaties and case laws were established to mediate relations between Europeans and many Indigenous peoples. [18] The term Dominion was used to distinguish the federal government from the provinces, though after the Second World War the term federal had replaced dominion. [372] Inuktitut is the majority language in Nunavut, and is one of three official languages in the territory. [60] The American war of independence also caused a large out-migration of Loyalists, the settlers who had fought against American independence. Ottawa is its capital and Toronto is its largest city. [195], Canadian federalism divides government responsibilities between the federal government and the ten provinces. [406] Government policies such as publicly funded health care, higher taxation to redistribute wealth, the outlawing of capital punishment, strong efforts to eliminate poverty, strict gun control, a social liberal attitude toward women's rights (like pregnancy termination) and LGBTQ rights, legalized euthanasia and cannabis use are indicators of Canada's political and cultural values. In my time at Caada College, I had the amazing opportunity to grow as a leader. It is the second largest country in the world, but it has only one-half of one percent of the world's population. [280] Canada was ranked 15th in the Global Innovation Index in 2022. "Brokerage politics: A Canadian term for successful, All citizens of Canada are classified as "Canadians" as defined by. [154] Canada's largest national wildlife region is the Scott Islands Marine National Wildlife Area, which spans 11,570.65 square kilometres (4,467.45sqmi)[155] and protects critical breeding and nesting habitat for over 40 percent of British Columbia's seabirds. [366] Although more than 82 percent of French-speaking Canadians live in Quebec, there are substantial Francophone populations in New Brunswick, Alberta, and Manitoba; Ontario has the largest French-speaking population outside Quebec. "They serve FranceHow can I serve Canada? [193][194] The Constitution Act, 1982 requires that no more than five years pass between elections, although the Canada Elections Act limits this to four years with a fixed election date in October. [26], The Indigenous population at the time of the first European settlements is estimated to have been between 200,000[27] and two million,[28] with a figure of 500,000 accepted by Canada's Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. [50] The Beaver Wars broke out in the mid-17th century over control of the North American fur trade. The country's head of government is the prime minister, who holds office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the elected House of Commons, and is appointed by the governor general, representing the monarch of Canada, the head of state. [368] There are also clusters of Acadians in southwestern Nova Scotia, on Cape Breton Island, and through central and western Prince Edward Island. [202] The Statute of Westminster, 1931 granted full autonomy, and the Constitution Act, 1982 ended all legislative ties to Britain, as well as adding a constitutional amending formula and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. [147] Since the end of the last glacial period, Canada has consisted of eight distinct forest regions,[148] with 42 percent of its land area covered by forests (approximately 8 percent of the world's forested land). [270], Canada is one of the few developed nations that are net exporters of energy. Everyone has the following fundamental freedoms: The practice of religion is generally considered a private matter throughout society and the state. [435], Canada's media is highly autonomous, uncensored, diverse and very regionalized. In 2006, the average age in Canada was 39.5 years;[317] it rose to 42.4 years by 2018[318] before falling slightly to 41.9 in 2021. [210], Canadian Aboriginal law provides certain constitutionally recognized rights to land and traditional practices for Indigenous groups in Canada. [337] The largest university is the University of Toronto with over 85,000 students. [141] These ecozones encompass over 80,000 classified species of Canadian wildlife, with an equal number yet to be formally recognized or discovered. Canada is a country to the north of the United States. WebApply to travel, study, work or immigrate to Canada, apply for citizenship, a permanent resident card or refugee protection, check the status of your application or find a form. [304] Canada also accepts large numbers of refugees, accounting for over 10 percent of annual global refugee resettlements; it resettled more than 28,000 in 2018. [46][47], In 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, by the royal prerogative of Queen Elizabeth I, founded St. John's, Newfoundland, as the first North American English seasonal camp. Given its abundant natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern capital stock, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. The Arctic Ocean is to the north of Canada. [119] The COVID-19 pandemic in Canada began on January 27, 2020, with wide social and economic disruption. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. The future of the permafrost is uncertain because the Arctic has been warming at three times the global average as a result of climate change in Canada. [106] The radical Front de libration du Qubec (FLQ) ignited the October Crisis with a series of bombings and kidnappings in 1970[107] and the sovereignist Parti Qubcois was elected in 1976, organizing an unsuccessful referendum on sovereignty-association in 1980. [48] In 1600, the French established their first seasonal trading post at Tadoussac along the Saint Lawrence. [464] "The Maple Leaf Forever", written in 1866, was a popular patriotic song throughout English Canada and for many years served as an unofficial national anthem. With an area of 9,984,670 square km, it is the worlds second-largest country by total area, falling behind Russia, and just beating out China and the United States. [203] The Charter guarantees basic rights and freedoms that usually cannot be over-ridden by any governmentthough a notwithstanding clause allows Parliament and the provincial legislatures to override certain sections of the Charter for a period of five years. [355], Between 2011 and 2016, the visible minority population rose by 18.4percent. WebFind out what document you need to travel, visit family and friends, do business, or transit through Canada, and how to extend your stay. English and French have equal status in federal courts, Parliament, and in all federal institutions. [297][307], The majority of Canadians (81.1percent) live in family households, 12.1percent report living alone, and those living with other relatives or unrelated persons reported at 6.8percent. Canada is a vast and rugged land. [81] The federal government did provide emergency relief, on condition of the Indigenous peoples moving to the reserves. [18] St. John's Island (now Prince Edward Island) became a separate colony in 1769. COVID-19 booster dose. The maple leaf is depicted on Canada's current and previous flags, and on the Arms of Canada. [83], Because Britain still maintained control of Canada's foreign affairs under the British North America Act, 1867, its declaration of war in 1914 automatically brought Canada into World War I. Canada's land area is 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles). Using its spending powers, the federal government can initiate national policies in provincial areas such as health and child care; the provinces can opt out of these cost-share programs but rarely do so in practice. [49] Among the colonists of New France, Canadiens extensively settled the Saint Lawrence River valley and Acadians settled the present-day Maritimes, while fur traders and Catholic missionaries explored the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and the Mississippi watershed to Louisiana. [82] During this time, Canada introduced the Indian Act extending its control over the First Nations to education, government and legal rights. WebCanada - CBC News. [132][133] There are also fresh-water glaciers in the Canadian Rockies, the Coast Mountains and the Arctic Cordillera. The United States and Canada traded goods and services of $680 billion in 2017 more than $1.8 billion per day. Together, the provinces collect more revenue than the federal government, a rarity among other federations in the world. Of all Canadas top sights, Banff National Park justifiably ranks as many peoples number one. [43] In 1534, French explorer Jacques Cartier explored the Gulf of Saint Lawrence where, on July 24, he planted a 10-metre (33ft) cross bearing the words "Long Live the King of France" and took possession of the territory New France in the name of King Francis I. Canada is a country in North America. .ca. [157], Canada is described as a "full democracy",[158] with a tradition of liberalism,[159] and an egalitarian,[160] moderate political ideology. [85] Canada provided asylum for the Dutch monarchy while that country was occupied and is credited by the Netherlands for major contributions to its liberation from Nazi Germany. ] the Beaver Wars broke out in the world, but it has only of! In 1769 Quebec, with wide social and economic disruption trading post canada citizenship ceremony invitation letter along! Departments travel website for the Worldwide Caution and travel Advisories in text Asia-Pacific economic Cooperation forum ( )... 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